About COVID-19 Vaccine

CDC recommends that people age 6 months and older receive at least one 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine.

The number of doses varies by age, vaccine, previous COVID-19 vaccines received, and whether the person has a weak immune system. For example, children age 6 months through 4 years may need more than one dose to be up to date. For more information on the vaccines, including recommended schedules visit CDC: Staying Up to Date with COVID-19 Vaccines.

Parental or guardian consent is required for COVID-19 vaccination of children 17 years of age and younger, except under rare or special circumstances. (Refer to Minnesota Statutes, sections 144.341 through 144.347.) We encourage you to go with your child so you can ask questions and learn more about the vaccine.

• How to hold your child during a vaccination (PDF)
  Fact sheet with images and instructions for different comfort holds. Created in partnership with Homeland Health Specialists.
  Updated 6/17/22
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Amharic (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Arabic (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Chinese (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in French (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Hmong (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Karen (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Lao (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Oromo (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Russian (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Somali (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Spanish (PDF)
  • How to hold your child during a vaccination in Vietnamese (PDF)

Because children and youth with specialized health needs and disabilities may be at higher risk for more severe illness from COVID-19, families and caregivers are asked to strongly consider vaccinating children who have any underlying health condition or disability if they are 6 months of age or older.

Learn more at Disabilities and Unique Health Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

• COVID-19 Vaccine for Youth with Special Needs or Disabilities: Information for Caregivers (PDF)
  Includes guidance for requesting accommodations when making appointments or arriving at a vaccine site.
  Updated 9/18/24
  • COVID-19 Vaccine for Youth with Special Needs or Disabilities in Hmong (PDF)
  • COVID-19 Vaccine for Youth with Special Needs or Disabilities in Somali (PDF)
  • COVID-19 Vaccine for Youth with Special Needs or Disabilities in Spanish (PDF)

COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for people who are pregnant, breastfeeding, trying to get pregnant now, or those who might become pregnant in the future. Pregnant people in particular have had serious complications if they get sick with COVID-19. This also includes infants 6 months of age and older born to people who were vaccinated or had a COVID-19 infection before or during pregnancy.

If you are pregnant or were recently pregnant, you are more likely to get very sick from COVID-19 compared to people who are not pregnant. If you have COVID-19 during pregnancy, you are at increased risk of complications that can affect your pregnancy and developing baby.

Vaccination during pregnancy allows mother’s antibodies to pass on to the newborn. Getting a COVID-19 vaccine can help protect you and your baby from serious health problems from COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy is safe and effective and are not associated with fertility problems in anyone.

Talk to your health care provider if you have questions about COVID-19 vaccines and learn more at CDC: COVID-19 Vaccination for People Who Are Pregnant or Breastfeeding.

• COVID-19 Vaccines and Pregnancy (PDF)
  Fact sheet for people who are pregnant or who may want to get pregnant in the future.
  Updated 9/18/24
  • COVID-19 Vaccines and Pregnancy in Hmong (PDF)
  • COVID-19 Vaccines and Pregnancy in Somali (PDF)
  • COVID-19 Vaccines and Pregnancy in Spanish (PDF)

If you are moderately or severely immunocompromised (have a weakened immune system), you are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 illness and death. Your immune response to COVID-19 vaccination may not be as strong as in people who are not immunocompromised. People 6 months and older that are moderately or severely immunocompromised require more doses than recommended for the general population. You should talk with your health care provider about any medical condition and what vaccine doses you need. For more information visit CDC: COVID-19 Vaccines for Moderately to Severely Immunocompromised People.

It is not recommended to take over-the-counter medications before getting your vaccine to prevent side effects. Taking over-the-counter medicines after getting the shot is OK if you have side effects. Take what you normally would take in that situation.

If you take over-the-counter medications for a different condition/pain management, it is OK to take them on your regular schedule even when you are getting the vaccine.

COVID-19 vaccines can be given at the same time as other vaccines (like flu vaccine). You can also receive a COVID-19 vaccine if you recently received another vaccine.

It takes about two weeks for your body to build up initial protection after your vaccine. Some people who are vaccinated will get sick, but vaccination greatly reduces the chance of hospitalization and death.

Even when you are vaccinated, you should:

• Wear a mask when recommended. For more information, refer to Masks: COVID-19.
• Wash your hands often.
• Stay home if you are sick, especially if you have been around someone who has COVID-19. If you have symptoms of COVID-19, you should get tested. Learn more at CDC: Testing for COVID-19.
• If you travel, refer to recommendations at CDC: Travelers' Health.
• Follow guidance specific to your workplace.

Some side effects are common after vaccination. They are a result of your body responding to the vaccine (it's also OK if you don't have any side effects at all). Side effects happen within a day or two of vaccination and go away one to two days later. You may have:

• Pain where you received the vaccine
• Feeling tired
• Headache
• Achy muscles and joints
• Chills
• Fever
• Swelling in your armpit

If your symptoms don't go away or get worse, you may have been exposed to COVID-19 before your body had time to build the protection from the vaccine. Get tested if you think you may have COVID-19.

Serious adverse events

A serious adverse event is something that results in hospitalization or is life-threatening. Most adverse effects occur in the six weeks after getting a vaccine.

If you have a severe reaction, contact your health care provider. If it is an emergency, go to a hospital or call 911.

There have been reports of some serious allergic reactions or anaphylaxis, most occurring 15-30 minutes following vaccination. Allergic reactions like this are known to happen after taking medicines or getting vaccinated, but they are still very rare. Clinics are prepared to respond quickly to adverse reactions. You may be asked to wait 15-30 minutes after you have been vaccinated so that clinic staff can observe you.

Learn more at CDC: Selected Adverse Events Reported after COVID-19 Vaccination.

Myocarditis and pericarditis

People, mostly born of male gender and ages 12-39 years, who have received the mRNA vaccines from Pfizer or Moderna, have had rare cases of myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) and pericarditis (inflammation of the lining outside the heart). In most cases, symptoms began within seven days after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Most people are in the hospital for about two days for close monitoring. The chance of having this occur is very low and is higher in people with COVID-19 disease than after vaccination. Seek medical attention right away if you have any of the following symptoms after receiving COVID-19 vaccine:

• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Feelings of having a fast-beating, fluttering, or pounding heart

For more information, visit CDC: Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination.

If you have a severe reaction, contact your health care provider. If it is an emergency, go to a hospital or call 911. Providers should report severe reactions (those that require some type of medical care) to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Ask your provider to provide you a copy of the report they submitted. This reporting system helps the CDC and FDA continue to monitor the safety of COVID-19 vaccines.

V-safe is another monitoring system that lets you share with CDC how you or your dependent feel after getting a COVID-19 vaccine. For more information visit CDC: About V-safe.