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Contact Info
Minnesota Tracking and Biomonitoring Program
651-201-5662
health.biomonitoring@state.mn.us

Contact Info

Minnesota Tracking and Biomonitoring Program
651-201-5662
health.biomonitoring@state.mn.us

Healthy Kids Minnesota:
Explanation of Results

This page provides more chemical testing results from Healthy Kids Minnesota for families to use in comparing their child’s results with those of other children in the program. There is an explanation of the terms and how to interpret them, along with a listing of full chemical names and information on parent chemicals, at the bottom of the page.

On this page:

  • Healthy Kids Minnesota 2021 Data Tables
  • Healthy Kids Minnesota 2022 Data Tables
  • Healthy Kids Minnesota 2023 Data Tables
  • Terms used in data tables
  • Full chemical names and parent chemical information

Healthy Kids Minnesota 
2021 Data Tables

Metals table

MetalsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
Antimony**1%0.60.6
Arsenic4.682%1.424.0
Cadmium0.138%0.10.2
Chromium0.275%0.11.0
Cobalt0.496%0.11.4
Manganese0.319%0.20.6
Mercury**10%0.70.7
Molybdenum65.599%14.2219.0
Nickel1.496%0.35.7
Thallium0.2100%0.10.6
Tungsten0.229%0.10.4
Uranium0.00529%0.0040.01

Pesticides table

PesticidesAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
2,4-D0.697%0.12.8
PNP0.897%0.15.2
TCPY0.692%0.12.3
IMPY**25%0.10.9
3-PBA0.590%0.14.3
4-F-3-PBA**7%0.10.1
trans-DCCA0.452%0.23.2
cis-DCCA**26%0.21.2

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) table

PAHsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
1-PYR0.187%0.040.3
1-NAP0.599%0.13.1
2-NAP4.3100%0.545.2
2-FLUO0.1100%0.020.4
3-FLUO0.0495%0.010.2
3-PHEN0.197%0.010.5

Environmental Phenols table

Environmental PhenolsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
Benzophenone-37.296%0.770.6
Bisphenol A0.688%0.12.5
Bisphenol F0.272%0.11.0
Bisphenol S0.386%0.13.5
Triclosan0.354%0.11.9
Triclocarban**0%******
Methyl paraben9.4100%1.6244.0
Ethyl paraben0.796%0.17.2
Propyl paraben0.786%0.131.7
Butyl paraben**10%0.10.3
2,4-Dichlorophenol0.494%0.11.7
2,5-Dichlorophenol0.896%0.118.7

Phthalates table

PhthalatesAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
MMP3.398%0.816.3
MEP13.199%2.3129.0
MnBP9.699%2.236.0
MiBP8.099%1.548.2
MHiBP3.599%0.720.6
MBzP3.395%0.436.2
MCHP**0%******
MECPP6.197%1.132.5
MEHHP5.599%1.127.6
MEHP0.8 74%0.24.7
MEOHP2.991%0.218.5
MCPP**9%1.22.9
MONP**5%1.21.6
MINP**4%******
MCOP1.269%0.57.4
MCiOP**0%******
MCNP**26%0.52.8
MECPTP61.999%9.5413.0
MEHHTP4.094%0.527.9
MCOCH**16%0.51.8
MHNCH**24%0.23.7

Flame Retardants (OPFR) table

FRsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
BCEtP0.2 60%0.12.0
BCPP**41%0.22.2
BDCPP1.096%0.26.4
DBuP0.263%0.11.0
DBzP**0%******
DCP**0%******
DPhP1.099%0.24.4
TBBA**5%0.040.1
iPPPP**2%******
tBPPP**7%0.10.2

** Average not calculated because the chemical was not found in enough kids.
*** Percentile not calculated because chemical was not found in enough kids.

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Healthy Kids Minnesota 
2022 Data Tables

Metals table

MetalsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
Antimony**0%******
Arsenic6.08%1.435.5
Cadmium**46%0.10.2
Chromium0.270%0.10.8
Cobalt0.495%0.11.7
Manganese**20%0.10.8
Mercury**1%******
Molybdenum75.498%14.3223.0
Nickel1.997%17.15.7
Thallium0.298%0.10.5
Tungsten**36%0.10.5
Uranium**41%0.0040.02

Pesticides table

PesticidesAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
2,4-D0.696%0.12.6
PNP0.898%0.23.6
TCPY0.593%0.11.9
IMPY**23%0.11.5
3-PBA0.592%0.14.2
4-F-3-PBA**6%0.10.6
trans-DCCA0.377%0.12.8
cis-DCCA**26%0.33.1

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) table

PAHsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
1-NAP0.598%0.14.7
1-PYR0.179%0.10.4
2-FLUO0.193%0.040.4
2-NAP5.199%0.646.9
3-FLUO0.173%0.020.2
3-PHEN0.189%0.020.4
1-NAP0.598%0.14.7

Environmental Phenols table

Environmental PhenolsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
Benzophenone-36.6100%0.686.8
Bisphenol A0.785%0.14.2
Bisphenol F0.265%0.12.0
Bisphenol S0.491%0.12.7
Triclosan**45%0.12.0
Triclocarban**1%******
Methyl paraben10.699%1.6279.0
Ethyl paraben0.696%0.111.1
Propyl paraben0.691%0.121.8
Butyl paraben**12%0.10.3
2,4-Dichlorophenol0.493%0.11.5
2,5-Dichlorophenol0.997%0.132.3

Phthalates table

PhthalatesAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
MMP4.398%0.922.9
MEP15.4100%2.4167.0
MnBP12.4100%2.465.8
MiBP8.7100%1.658.1
MHiBP3.897%0.526.0
MBzP4.798%0.659.6
MCHP**1%******
MECPP6.599%1.332.9
MEHHP6.0100%1.37729.7
MEHP0.768%0.23.7
MEOHP3.598%0.718.6
MCPP**9%1.23.4
MONP**6%1.21.8
MINP**4%******
MCOP1.269%0.57.3
MCiOP**3.81%******
MCNP**19%0.52.2
MECPTP72.1100%11.5470.0
MEHHTP4.595%0.528.8
MCOCH**15%0.51.9
MHNCH**22%0.24.6

Flame Retardants (OPFR) table

FRsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
BCEtP0.366%0.13.1
BCPP**40%0.21.1
BDCPP1.5100%0.39.3
DBuP0.258%0.11.2
DBzP**0%******
DCP**0%******
DPhP1.1100%0.25.3
TBBA**4%******
iPPPP**5%0.10.1
tBPPP**10%0.10.2

** Average not calculated because the chemical was not found in enough kids
*** Percentile not calculated because chemical was not found in enough kids

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Healthy Kids Minnesota 
2023 Data Tables

Metals table

MetalsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
Antimony**0%******
Arsenic4.883%1.424.7
Cadmium**33%0.10.2
Chromium0.269%0.10.5
Cobalt0.497%0.11.5
Manganese**22%0.20.9
Mercury**2%******
Molybdenum66.798%15.2207.0
Nickel1.598%0.35.9
Thallium0.298%0.30.5
Tungsten**33%0.10.6
Uranium**38%0.0040.02

Pesticides table

PesticidesAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
2,4-D0.696%0.12.6
PNP0.695%0.12.8
TCPY0.386%0.11.3
IMPY**23%0.10.6
3-PBA0.488%0.13.3
4-F-3-PBA**5%******
trans-DCCA0.272%0.12.2
cis-DCCA**21%0.20.9

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) table

PAHsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
1-PYR0.185%0.040.3
1-NAP0.499%0.13.0
2-NAP4.9100%0.569.5
2-FLUO0.193%0.020.3
3-FLUO0.0376%0.010.1
3-PHEN0.0588%0.010.2

Environmental Phenols table

Environmental PhenolsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
Benzophenone-373.899%0.129.5
Bisphenol A0.789%0.14.3
Bisphenol F0.272%0.12.4
Bisphenol S0.384%0.12.3
Triclosan**36%0.11.2
Triclocarban**1%******
Methyl paraben5.893%0.7115.0
Ethyl paraben0.595%0.14.7
Propyl paraben0.587%0.115.6
Butyl paraben**9%0.10.2
2,4-Dichlorophenol0.496%0.11.4
2,5-Dichlorophenol0.897%0.111.8

Phthalates table

PhthalatesAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
MMP4.398%0.919.5
MEP12.7100%2.1154.0
MnBP9.1100%2.142.9
MiBP6.9100%1.340.6
MHiBP2.990%0.220.8
MBzP3.098%0.435.2
MCHP**0%******
MECPP5.498%0.927.6
MEHHP4.599%0.825.8
MEHP0.669%0.23.5
MEOHP2.997%0.515.3
MCPP**6%1.22.4
MONP**3%******
MINP**7%0.20.4
MCOP1.165%0.54.5
MCiOP**0%******
MCNP**9%0.51.3
MECPTP65.099%10.7578.0
MEHHTP4.595%0.537.7
MCOCH**14%0.51.4
MHNCH**23%0.23.8

Flame Retardants (OPFR) table

FRsAverage level for all kids (mcg/L)Percent kids with chemical found5th percentile95th percentile
BCEtP0.374%0.12.4
BCPP**41%0.21.7
BDCPP1.398%0.29.8
DBuP0.267%0.11.2
DBzP**0%******
DCP**0%******
DPhP1.098%0.26.0
TBBA**4%******
iPPPP**4%******
tBPPP**6%0.10.1

** Average not calculated because the chemical was not found in enough kids.
*** Percentile not calculated because chemical was not found in enough kids.

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Terms used in data tables

Average level from all kids: The typical level found in kids from Healthy Kids Minnesota. Sometimes we did not calculate the average because the chemical was not found in enough kids. The average shown here is a geometric mean, a type of average used for many environmental data sets that have a skewed distribution.

Mcg/L: Micrograms of chemical per Liter of urine. 

Percent of kids with chemical found: The percentage of kids from Healthy Kids Minnesota who had a detectable level of the chemical in their urine. 

5th Percentile: This means that 5% of kids in Healthy Kids Minnesota had a result below or equal to the number listed in the table. For example, the 5th percentile for IMPY is 0.2mcg/L, this means 5% of participants had levels less than or equal to 0.2mcg/L. If your child’s result is lower than the number listed, it means your child had one of the lower results. 

95th Percentile: This means that 95% of kids in Healthy Kids Minnesota had a result below or equal to the number listed in the table. For example, the 95th percentile for IMPY is 0.8mcg/L, this means 95% of participants had levels less than or equal to 0.8mcg/L. If your child’s result is higher than the number listed, it means your child had one of the higher results. 

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Full chemical names and parent chemical information

For metals and environmental phenols, the full chemical names are used in the tables above and the parent chemicals, not the breakdown products, are measured in urine. For the other chemical types, here is more information. 

ChemicalFull chemical nameParent chemical(s)
2,4-D2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acidN/A
PNPP-nitrophenolParathion, 
methyl parathion
TCPYTCPy [3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol]Chlorpyrifos, 
chlorpyrifos methyl
IMPY2-Isopropyl-4-methyl-6-
hydroxypyrimidine (IMPY)
Diazinon
3-PBA3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA)Cyhalothrin, 
cypermethrin, 
deltamethrin, 
fenopropathrin, 
permethrin, 
tralomethrin
4-F-3-PBA4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-
PBA)
Cyfluthrin
Trans-DCCATrans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-
dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid
(Trans-DCCA)
Cypermethrin, 
cyfluthrin, 
permethrin
Cis-DCCACis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-
dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid
(Trans-DCCA)
Cypermethrin, 
cyfluthrin, 
permethrin

ChemicalChemical full nameParent chemical(s)
1-PYR1-Hydroxypyrene Pyrene
1-NAP1-Hydroxynaphthalene Naphthalene
2-NAP2-Hydroxynaphthalene Naphthalene
2-FLUO2-Hydroxyfluorene Fluorene
3-FLUO3-Hydroxyfluorene Fluorene
3-PHEN3-HydroxyphenanthrenePhenanthrene

ChemicalChemical full nameParent chemical(s)
MMPMonomethyl phthalateDimethyl phthalate (DMP)
MEPMonoethyl phthalateDiethyl phthalate (DEP)
MnBPMono-n-butyl phthalateDi-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP)
MiBPMonoisobutyl phthalateDiisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)
MHiBPMono(2-hydroxyisobutyl) phthalateDiisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)
MBzPMonobenzyl phthalateBenzyl butyl phthalate
MCHPMonocyclohexyl phthalateDicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP)
MECPPMono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalateDi(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
MEHHPMono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalateDi(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
MEHPMono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalateDi(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
MEOHPMono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalateDi(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
MCPPMono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalateDi-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP)
MONPMonooxoisononyl phthalateDiisononyl phthalate (DINP)
MINPMonoisononyl phthalateDiisononyl phthalate (DINP)
MCOPMono(4-methyl-7-carboxyheptyl) phthalateDiisononyl phthalate (DINP)
MCiOPMono(8-carboxyisooctyl) phthalateDiisononyl phthalate (DINP)
MCNPMono(7-carboxy-2,7-dimethylheptyl) phthalateDiisodecyl phthalate (DIDP)
MECPTPMono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) terephthalateDi-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DEHTP), Dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP)
MEHHTPMono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) terephthalateDi-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DEHTP), Dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP)
MCOCHCyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid mono (carboxyoctyl) ester1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH)
MHNCHCyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid mono (cis-hydroxy-isononyl) ester1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid  diisononyl ester (DINCH)

ChemicalChemical full nameParent chemical(s)
BCEtPBis(2-chloroethyl) phosphateTris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP)
BCPPBis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphateTris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP)
BDCPPBis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphateTris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCPP)
DBuPDi-n-butyl phosphateTributyl phosphate (TBP)
DBzPDi-benzyl phosphateTribenzyl phosphate (TBzP)
DCPDi-cresyl phosphateTricresyl phosphate (TCP)
DPhPDiphenyl phosphateTriphenyl phosphate (TPHP)
TBBA2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoic acid2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB, component in Firemaster 550)
iPPPP2-((isopropyl) phenyl) phenyl phosphateMono-isopropyl triphenyl phosphate
tBPPP4-((tert-butyl) phenyl) phenyl phosphateMono-tertbutyl triphenyl phosphate
 

Related links

Healthy Kids MN

Healthy Kids MN FAQs

Healthy Kids MN chemical information

Healthy Kids MN Information for health care providers

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Last Updated: 01/02/2026
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